/* Layout: one reading column (~66ch) under a slim masthead; lists grouped by year; meta in mono. */
:root {
  --bg: #f5f6f8;
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #1a2130;
  --muted: #5d6879;
  --rule: #dce1e9;
  --accent: #2a4ea0;
  --accent-soft: #e7ecf7;
  --me: #f0f4fb;
  --serif: "Newsreader", "Iowan Old Style", Charter, "Bitstream Charter", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: "IBM Plex Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
  color-scheme: light;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --bg: #12151b; --paper: #191e27; --ink: #e3e7ee; --muted: #9aa5b6; --rule: #2b3240;
    --accent: #93b2ff; --accent-soft: #222c42; --me: #1c2433;
    color-scheme: dark;
  }
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); font: 16px/1.55 var(--sans); }
.in {
  max-width: 46rem; margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: max(18px, env(safe-area-inset-left, 0px));
  padding-right: max(18px, env(safe-area-inset-right, 0px));
}
a { color: var(--accent); text-underline-offset: 0.15em; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
a:hover { text-decoration-thickness: 2px; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }

/* masthead */
.masthead { background: var(--paper); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.masthead .in { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px 24px; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; padding-block: 18px 14px; }
.brand { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); display: grid; gap: 1px; }
.brand .name { font: 600 1.3rem/1.15 var(--serif); }
.brand .sub { font: 0.78rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: 0.02em; }
.masthead nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 18px; font-size: 0.9rem; }
.masthead nav a { color: var(--muted); text-decoration: none; }
.masthead nav a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

main.in { padding-block: 28px 56px; }

/* home */
.intro { display: grid; gap: 12px; padding-bottom: 8px; }
.intro .lead { font: 1.3rem/1.5 var(--serif); margin: 0; text-wrap: pretty; }
.intro .stats { font: 0.82rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); margin: 0; }
.years { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.years a { font: 0.85rem var(--mono); padding: 3px 10px; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 999px; text-decoration: none; background: var(--paper); }
.years a:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
.year { font: 600 1.5rem var(--serif); color: var(--muted); margin: 40px 0 4px; padding-bottom: 6px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; scroll-margin-top: 16px; }
.list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.list li { padding-block: 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); display: grid; gap: 4px; }
.list .t { font: 600 1.22rem/1.3 var(--serif); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; text-wrap: balance; }
.list .t:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.list .x { margin: 2px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.93rem; }
.m { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 14px; align-items: baseline; font: 0.8rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.m a { color: var(--muted); }
.topic { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.75rem; letter-spacing: 0.03em; padding: 1px 8px; border-radius: 4px; background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent) !important; text-decoration: none; }
.topic:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.pt { font: 600 2rem/1.15 var(--serif); margin: 0 0 8px; display: grid; gap: 4px; }
.pt span { font: 0.8rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.04em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.topics { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 16px 0 0; columns: 2 14rem; column-gap: 32px; }
.topics li { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); break-inside: avoid; }
.topics span { font: 0.82rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); }

/* post */
.post .ph { display: grid; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.post h1 { font: 600 clamp(1.9rem, 5.5vw, 2.6rem)/1.12 var(--serif); margin: 0; text-wrap: balance; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.prose { font: 1.15rem/1.65 var(--serif); overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.prose > * { margin: 0 0 1em; }
.prose h2, .prose h3, .prose h4 { font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.25; margin-top: 1.6em; }
.prose blockquote { margin: 1.2em 0; padding: 2px 0 2px 18px; border-left: 3px solid var(--rule); color: var(--muted); }
.prose blockquote p { margin: 0 0 0.6em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.3em; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
.prose img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; margin: 0.6em 0; border-radius: 3px; }
.prose a:has(> img) { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
.prose pre, .prose code { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.82em; }
.prose pre { background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 12px 14px; border-radius: 6px; overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre; }
.prose table { border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9em; display: block; overflow-x: auto; }
.prose td, .prose th { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 4px 8px; }
.prose .embed { display: grid; gap: 2px; padding: 12px 16px; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.95rem; }
.prose .embed a { font-weight: 600; }
.prose .embed a::before { content: "▶ "; font-size: 0.8em; }
.prose .embed span { font: 0.75rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.orig { margin: 32px 0 0; padding-top: 12px; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); font: 0.8rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); }
.orig span { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

.pn { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; margin: 32px 0 0; }
.pn a { display: grid; gap: 2px; padding: 12px 14px; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); font: 500 1rem/1.3 var(--serif); min-width: 0; }
.pn a:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
.pn a span { font: 0.72rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; }
.pn .next { text-align: right; }

/* comments */
.comments { margin-top: 48px; }
.comments h2 { font: 600 1.4rem var(--serif); margin: 0 0 4px; }
.comments .note { margin: 0 0 18px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; }
.comments ol { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.comments .replies { margin-top: 12px; padding-left: 18px; border-left: 2px solid var(--rule); }
.c { background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 8px; padding: 12px 16px; min-width: 0; }
.c.me { background: var(--me); }
.ch { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 12px; align-items: baseline; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.ch .who { font-weight: 600; }
.ch time { font: 0.78rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); }
.cb { font-size: 0.96rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.cb p { margin: 0 0 0.6em; }
.cb p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.foot { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--paper); }
.foot .in { padding-block: 20px calc(20px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px)); color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.85rem; }
.foot p { margin: 0; }

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .prose { font-size: 1.08rem; }
  .pn { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pn .next { text-align: left; }
  .intro .lead { font-size: 1.15rem; }
}
.prose figure { margin: 1.2em 0; }
.prose figure img { margin: 0; }
.prose figcaption { font: 0.85rem/1.45 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin-top: 6px; }
.prose figure.audio audio { width: 100%; }
.prose thead th { background: var(--accent-soft); text-align: left; }
.prose .lost { display: block; padding: 18px 16px; margin: 0.6em 0; border: 1px dashed var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; font: 0.8rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); text-align: center; }

/* search */
.vh { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }
.sbox { margin: 12px 0 8px; }
.sbox input { width: 100%; font: 1.15rem var(--sans); color: var(--ink); background: var(--paper); border: 1.5px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 10px; padding: 12px 14px; }
.sbox input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-soft); }
.shint { font: 0.82rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 8px; }
.results mark { background: var(--accent-soft); color: inherit; border-radius: 2px; padding: 0 1px; }
.results .x { -webkit-line-clamp: unset; }

/* publications */
.pubhead { display: grid; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.pubhead .lead { font: 1.15rem/1.5 var(--serif); margin: 0; color: var(--ink); }
.jump { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.jump a { font: 0.82rem var(--sans); padding: 4px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 999px; background: var(--paper); text-decoration: none; }
.jump a:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
.pubsec { margin-top: 36px; scroll-margin-top: 16px; }
.pubsec h2 { font: 600 1.5rem var(--serif); margin: 0 0 4px; padding-bottom: 6px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 10px; }
.pubsec h2 span { font: 0.85rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; }
.py { font: 0.85rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); margin: 20px 0 2px; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.pubs { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.pubs li { padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); display: grid; gap: 6px; }
.pubs .ref { margin: 0; font: 1.02rem/1.5 var(--serif); overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.pubs .ref b { font-weight: 600; }
.plinks { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
.plinks a { font: 500 0.75rem var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.03em; padding: 2px 9px; border-radius: 4px; background: var(--accent-soft); text-decoration: none; }
.plinks a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.plinks a.pdf { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.intro .pt { margin-bottom: 0; }
.list li > * { min-width: 0; }
.list .x, .list .t { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

/* main menu state + historic label */
.masthead nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.masthead nav .hist { color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; font-size: 0.85em; }

/* blog submenu */
.subnav { background: var(--accent-soft); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.subnav .in { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 4px 18px; padding-block: 8px; }
.subnav .sublabel { font: 0.75rem var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.04em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.subnav nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 16px; font-size: 0.88rem; }
.subnav nav a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
.subnav nav a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.subnav nav a[aria-current="page"] { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }

/* home */
.home { display: grid; gap: 36px; padding-top: 12px; }
.hero { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.hero h1 { font: 600 clamp(2.2rem, 7vw, 3.2rem)/1.05 var(--serif); margin: 0; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.hero .role { margin: 0; font: 0.95rem var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.hero .lead { margin: 6px 0 0; font: 1.3rem/1.5 var(--serif); max-width: 34em; text-wrap: pretty; }
.sections { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
.card { display: grid; gap: 8px; align-content: start; padding: 20px 22px; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 10px; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.card:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
.card h2 { font: 600 1.5rem var(--serif); margin: 0; }
.card p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.95rem; }
.card .kicker { font: 0.72rem var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }
.card .go { font: 500 0.88rem var(--sans); color: var(--accent); margin-top: 4px; }
.hist-card { background: transparent; border-style: dashed; }
.hist-card .kicker { color: var(--muted); }
@media (max-width: 620px) { .sections { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* home portrait */
.hero { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 200px; align-items: center; column-gap: 32px; }
.hero .portrait { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; width: 200px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 10px; background: var(--rule); }
.hero-text { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; display: grid; gap: 10px; min-width: 0; }
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; row-gap: 18px; }
  .hero .portrait { grid-column: 1; width: 132px; }
  .hero-text { grid-row: 2; }
}

/* awards + media on publications page */
.awards { margin-top: 28px; padding: 16px 20px; background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 10px; }
.awards h2 { font: 0.75rem var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 8px; font-weight: 400; }
.awards ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.awards li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 6.5em minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 12px; font: 1rem/1.45 var(--serif); }
.awards .ay { font: 0.82rem/1.9 var(--mono); color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.awards b { font-weight: 600; }
.awards a { font: 0.82rem var(--sans); white-space: nowrap; }
@media (max-width: 520px) { .awards li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; } }
.plinks a.pdf span { font-weight: 400; opacity: 0.8; }
.media { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.media li { padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); display: grid; gap: 3px; min-width: 0; }
.media .mk { font: 0.72rem var(--mono); letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); }
.media .mt { margin: 0; font: 600 1.05rem/1.35 var(--serif); color: var(--ink); overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.media .plinks { margin-top: 4px; }
.media .mw { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--muted); }
.hero .scope { margin: 4px 0 0; font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 40em; }
.hero .contact { margin: 6px 0 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 6px 14px; }
.hero .mail { font: 500 0.9rem var(--sans); padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 6px; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); text-decoration: none; }
.hero .mail:hover { background: var(--accent); }
.hero .contact span { font: 0.82rem var(--mono); color: var(--muted); }

/* home: one sans family for text, serif only for headings */
.brand .sub { font: 0.8rem var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0; }
.home .hero .role { font: 500 1rem/1.4 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.home .hero .lead { font: 400 1.2rem/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); }
.home .hero .scope { font: 400 1rem/1.55 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.home .hero .mail { font: 500 0.95rem var(--sans); }
.home .hero .contact span { font: 400 0.95rem var(--sans); color: var(--muted); }
.home .card .kicker { font: 600 0.75rem var(--sans); letter-spacing: 0.06em; }
.home .card p { font: 400 1rem/1.55 var(--sans); }
.home .card .go { font: 500 0.95rem var(--sans); }
.prose .gone { font-size: 0.85em; color: var(--muted); }

/* keep the page from shifting sideways when a page is short enough to need no scrollbar */
html { scrollbar-gutter: stable; }
/* home starts at the same point as other pages */
.home { padding-top: 0; }
.hero { align-items: start; }
html { background: var(--bg); }
.prose [id] { scroll-margin-top: 16px; }